A shekarar 2017, Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya ta gabatar da dabarun"gano cutar da wuri, gano cutar da wuri, da kuma magani da wuri", wanda aka yi niyya don tunatar da jama'a su kula da alamun cutar a gaba. Bayan shekaru na kuɗi na gaske na asibiti,waɗannan dabarun guda uku sun zama hanya mafi inganci don hana cutar kansa.
A cewar "Rahoton Ciwon Daji na Duniya na 2020" da WHO ta fitar, an yi hasashen cewa adadin sabbin cututtukan daji a duk duniya zai karu zuwa miliyan 30.2 a shekarar 2040 kuma adadin wadanda suka mutu zai kai miliyan 16.3.
A shekarar 2020, za a samu sabbin cututtukan daji miliyan 19 a duniya.A wancan lokacin, manyan cututtukan daji guda uku da suka fi yawa a duniya sune: ciwon nono (miliyan 22.61), ciwon huhu (miliyan 2.206), ciwon hanji (miliyan 19.31), da ciwon ciki wanda ya zo na biyar da miliyan 10.89,A cikin adadin sabbin cututtukan daji, ciwon hanji da ciwon ciki sun kai kashi 15.8% na dukkan sabbin cututtukan daji.
Kamar yadda muka sani, hanyar Manhua tana nufin daga baki zuwa ƙofar bakan gizo, wanda ya haɗa da esophagus, ciki, ƙaramin hanji, babban hanji (cecum, appendix, hanji, dubura da magudanar dubura), hanta, pancreas, da sauransu, da kuma colorectum a cikin sabbin cututtukan daji a duk duniya. Ciwon daji da ciwon ciki duk suna cikin hanyar narkewar abinci, don haka ciwon daji da ke da alaƙa da narkewar abinci suma suna buƙatar a kula da su kuma a aiwatar da dabarun "farkon uku".
A shekarar 2020, adadin sabbin wadanda suka kamu da cutar kansa a kasarmu ya kai miliyan 4.5, kuma adadin wadanda suka mutu sakamakon cutar kansa ya kai miliyan 3.An gano cewa kimanin mutane 15,000 ne ke dauke da cutar kansa kowace rana, kuma an gano cewa mutane 10.4 suna dauke da cutar kansa a kowace minti daya. Na biyar kuma shine cutar kansar huhu.(wanda ya yi lissafin kashi 17.9% na dukkan sabbin cututtukan daji),ciwon hanji (12.2%), ciwon ciki (10.5%),ciwon nono (9.1%), da ciwon hanta (9%). Daga cikin manyan cututtukan daji guda biyar kawai,Ciwon daji na ciki ya kai kashi 31.7% na dukkan sabbin cututtukan daji.Ana iya ganin cewa muna buƙatar ƙara mai da hankali kan gano da kuma rigakafin cutar kansar narkewar abinci.
Ga bugu na 2020 (shawarar bincike da rigakafi ta musamman game da ciwon Chang Beihui na mutane) wanda ya shafi tsarin rigakafin ciwon narkewar abinci da kuma duba shi:
Ciwon daji na hanji
1. Mutane sama da shekara 1.45 waɗanda ba su da alamun cutar;
2.Mutane sama da shekaru 240 da ke da alamun rashin lafiyan ciki na tsawon makonni biyu":
3. Marasa lafiya da ke fama da ciwon ulcerative colitis na dogon lokaci;
Mutane 4.4 bayan tiyatar ciwon daji na hanji;
5. Yawan jama'a bayan maganin adenoma na hanji;
6. 'Yan uwa na kusa da kai waɗanda ke da tarihin cutar kansar hanji
7. 'Yan uwan marasa lafiya da aka gano suna da cutar kansar hanji ta gado waɗanda suka haura shekaru 20
1. Binciken "Yawan Jama'a" Ya Cika 1-5:
(1) Ana fara gwajin cutar kansar hanji tun yana da shekaru 45, ba tare da la'akari da namiji ko mace ba, ana gano jinin ɓoye na najasa (FOBT) sau ɗaya a shekara
Binciken hanji (colonoscopy) duk bayan shekaru 10 har zuwa shekaru 75;
(2) Waɗanda ke da shekaru 76-85, waɗanda ke cikin koshin lafiya, da kuma waɗanda ke da tsawon rai fiye da shekaru 10, za su iya ci gaba da kula da kayan ado.
2 Daidai da "Binciken asibiti na 'yan uwa na kusa da su waɗanda ke da tarihin cutar kansar hanji ta iyali:
(1) Dangantaka ta farko 1 tare da takamaiman adenoma ko ciwo mai tsanani (shekarun farawa bai wuce shekaru 60 ba), 2
Dangin da ke da digiri na farko da sama da haka waɗanda ke da takamaiman ciwon adenoma ko ciwon daji (kowane shekaru da suka fara), farawa daga shekara 40 (ko farawa daga shekara 10 ƙasa da shekarun da ƙaramin ɗan uwa ya fara), gwajin FOBT sau ɗaya a shekara, sau ɗaya a kowace shekara 5.
(2) Mutane masu haɗarin kamuwa da cutar tare da tarihin iyali na dangin farko (1 kawai, kuma shekarun kamuwa da cutar ya fi shekaru 60):
Fara duba lafiyarka tun kana da shekaru 40, ta hanyar yin gwajin FOBT kowace shekara da kuma yin gwajin colonoscopy duk bayan shekaru goma. 3 Tantance 'yan uwa game da "ciwon daji na hanji" taron 7;
Ga iyalan marasa lafiya da ke fama da FAP da HNPCC, ana ba da shawarar gwajin maye gurbin kwayoyin halitta idan maye gurbin kwayoyin halitta a cikin akwati na farko a cikin iyali ya bayyana.
(1) Ga waɗanda suka yi gwajin sauye-sauyen kwayoyin halitta masu kyau, bayan sun kai shekara 20, ya kamata a yi gwajin colonoscopy duk bayan shekara 1-2; (2) Ga waɗanda suka yi gwajin sauye-sauyen kwayoyin halitta marasa kyau, ya kamata a duba yawan jama'a. 4 Hanyoyin da aka ba da shawarar don dubawa:
(1) Gwajin FOBT + bincike tsakanin girma shine babban hanyar binciken Han, kuma shaidar ta isa:
(2) Gano jini ta hanyar kwayoyin halitta da aka yi niyya da yawa na iya taimakawa wajen inganta daidaiton lissafin, kuma farashin yana da tsada sosai; (3) Idan yanayi ya ba da dama, ana iya yin bincike ta hanyar haɗa hanyoyin bayan gida da jini.
1. Motsa jiki na iya rage kamuwa da ciwon daji yadda ya kamata, ya bi jagorancin wasanni, da kuma yin iyo don guje wa kiba;
2. Abincin kwakwalwa mai kyau, ƙara yawan cin zare da 'ya'yan itatuwa sabo, da kuma guje wa cin abinci mai yawan kitse da furotin;
3 Magungunan hana kumburi da kuma hana ciwon daji marasa jiki na iya yin tasiri wajen hana ciwon daji na hanji. Tsofaffi na iya gwada aspirin mai ƙarancin magani, wanda zai iya rage haɗarin cututtukan zuciya da jijiyoyin jini da kuma ciwon daji na hanji. Tuntuɓi likita don takamaiman amfani.
5. Rage shan taba domin gujewa gubar da ke tattare da shi na dogon lokaci da kuma kumburin da ke haifar da shi ga Qinghua Dao.
Ciwon Ciki
Duk wanda ke da ɗaya daga cikin waɗannan yanayi abu ne mai haɗari sosai;
1. Sama da shekaru 60;
2 Ciwon gastritis mai matsakaici da mai tsanani;
3. Ciwon ciki mai tsanani;
4. Polyps na ciki;
5. Babban alamar naɗewar mucosa na ciki;
6. Sauran ciki bayan tiyata don cututtuka marasa lafiya;
7. Sauran ciki bayan tiyatar ciwon daji na ciki (watanni 6-12 bayan tiyata);
8. Cutar Helicobacter pylori;
9. Tarihin iyali mai haske game da ciwon daji na ciki ko makogwaro;
10. Ciwon jini mai tsanani:
11. Polyposis na iyali (FAP), tarihin iyali na ciwon daji na hanji wanda ba na polyposis ba (HNPCC).
Shekaru sama da 40 da ciwon ciki, kumburin ciki, kumburin acid, ƙwannafi da sauran alamun rashin jin daɗin epigastric, da kuma ciwon gastrointestinal na yau da kullun, ciwon hanji na mucosal, polyps na ciki, sauran ciki, babban alamar naɗewar ciki, ciwon ciki na yau da kullun da ciwon ciki na epithelial atypia Hyperplasia da sauran raunuka da abubuwan da ke da tarihin ciwon daji na iyali ya kamata a yi musu gwajin gastroscopy akai-akai bisa ga shawarwarin likita.
1. Kafa halaye masu kyau na cin abinci da tsarin abinci, ba cin abinci mai yawa ba;
2. Kawar da kamuwa da cutar Helicobacter pylori;
3. Rage cin abinci mai sanyi, mai yaji, mai zafi da yawa, da kuma abinci mai tauri, da kuma abinci mai yawan gishiri kamar hayaki da kuma abincin da aka dafa a ciki.
4. Daina shan taba;
5. A rage shan giya ko kuma a daina shan giya mai ƙarfi;
6. Shakata kuma ka rage matsewar yadda ya kamata
Ciwon daji na makogwaro
Shekaru sama da shekaru 40 kuma sun cika ɗaya daga cikin waɗannan abubuwan haɗari:
1. Daga yankin da cutar kansar makogwaro ke yawan faruwa a ƙasata (yankin da ya fi yawan kamuwa da cutar kansar makogwaro a ƙasata yana cikin lardunan Hebei, Henan da Shanxi a kudancin Dutsen Taihang, musamman a gundumar Cixian, a Qinling, Dutsen Dabie, arewacin Sichuan, Fujian, Guangdong, arewacin Jiangsu, Xinjiang, da sauransu. Ƙasa da nau'ikan halittu suna taruwa a yankunan da ke da yawan kamuwa da cutar);
2. Alamomin ciwon ciki na sama, kamar tashin zuciya, amai, ciwon ciki, sake farfaɗo da acid, rashin jin daɗin cin abinci da sauran alamu;
3. Tarihin iyali na ciwon makogwaro:
4. Mai fama da cutar da ta shafi ciwon makogwaro ko kuma raunukan da suka shafi ciwon:
5. Suna da manyan abubuwan da ke haifar da ciwon daji na makogwaro kamar shan taba, shan giya mai yawa, kiba, son abinci mai zafi, ciwon daji na squamous cell na kai da wuya ko hanyar numfashi;
6. Mai fama da cutar reflux na periesophageal (CERD);
7. Cutar cutar papillomavirus ta ɗan adam (HPV).
Mutane masu haɗarin kamuwa da cutar kansar makogwaro:
1. endoscopy na yau da kullun, sau ɗaya a cikin shekaru biyu;
2 Endoscopy tare da binciken cututtuka na dysplasia mai sauƙi, endoscopy sau ɗaya a shekara;
3 Endoscopy tare da sakamakon cututtukan dysplasia matsakaici, endoscopy bayan kowane watanni shida
1. Kada a sha taba ko a daina shan taba;
2. Ƙaramin adadin barasa ko babu barasa;
3. Ku ci abinci mai kyau, ku ci 'ya'yan itatuwa da kayan lambu sabo
4. Inganta motsa jiki da kuma kiyaye nauyin lafiya;
5. Kada a ci abinci mai zafi ko a sha ruwan zafi.
Ciwon daji na hanta
Maza sama da shekara 35 da mata sama da shekara 45 a cikin ɗaya daga cikin waɗannan ƙungiyoyi:
1. Cutar cutar hepatitis B (HBV) mai tsanani ko kuma cutar hepatitis C mai tsanani (HCV);
2. Waɗanda ke da tarihin cutar kansar hanta a cikin iyali;
3. Marasa lafiya da ke fama da cutar hanta wadda schistosomiasis, barasa, cutar biliary cirrhosis, da sauransu suka haifar;
4. Marasa lafiya da suka ji rauni a hanta sakamakon shan ƙwayoyi;
5. Marasa lafiya da ke fama da cututtukan da suka shafi metabolism, waɗanda suka haɗa da: ƙarancin hemochromatosis a-1 antitrypsin, cutar ajiyar glycogen, jinkirin fata mai laushi, tyrosinemia, da sauransu;
6. Marasa lafiya da ke fama da cutar hepatitis mai saurin kamuwa da cuta;
7. Marasa lafiya masu fama da cutar hanta mai kitse (NAFLD) marasa giya
1. Ya kamata a binciki maza 'yan sama da shekaru 35 da mata 'yan sama da shekaru 45 da ke da haɗarin kamuwa da cutar kansar hanta;
2. Haɗa allurar alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) da kuma likon B-ultrasound, a duba duk bayan watanni 6.
1. Allurar rigakafin cutar Hepatitis B;
2. Marasa lafiya da ke fama da cutar hepatitis mai tsanani ya kamata su sami maganin rigakafi da wuri-wuri don rage kwafin kwayar cutar hepatitis.
3. Kauracewa ko rage shan barasa;
4. Cin abinci mai sauƙi da rage yawan cin abinci mai mai.
5. A guji cin abinci mai ƙura.
Ciwon daji na pancreas
Mutane sama da shekaru 40, musamman sama da shekaru 50, waɗanda ke da ɗaya daga cikin waɗannan abubuwan (abu na shida ba ya ƙara haɗarin kamuwa da cutar kansar pancreas, amma ba a yin gwajin gabaɗaya):
1. Tarihin iyali na ciwon daji na pancreas da ciwon suga;
2. Akwai tarihin shan taba na dogon lokaci, shan giya, cin abinci mai yawan kitse da kuma cin abinci mai yawan furotin;
3. Cikewar ciki ta tsakiya da ta sama, rashin jin daɗi, ciwon ciki ba tare da wani dalili ba, da kuma alamun kamar rashin ci, gajiya, gudawa, rage kiba, ciwon baya, da sauransu.
4. Maimaita lokuta na pancreatitis na kullum, musamman pancreatitis na yau da kullun tare da duwatsun bututun pancreas, babban papilloma na mucinous na pancreas, mucinous cystic adenoma, da kuma ciwon pseudopapillary mai ƙarfi, tare da babban jini na CA19-9;
5. Ciwon suga ya fara ba zato ba tsammani ba tare da tarihin iyali ba;
6. Mai dauke da cutar Helicobacter pylori (HP), tarihin ciwon periodontitis na baki, ciwon PJ, da sauransu.
1. Ana tantance waɗanda aka ambata a sama da sakamakon gwajin jini na alamun ƙari kamar CA19-9, CA125 CEA, da sauransu, tare da CT da MRI na ciki, kuma B-ultrasound shima zai iya ba da taimako mai dacewa;
2. Gwajin CT ko MR sau ɗaya a shekara ga mutanen da aka ambata a sama, musamman waɗanda ke da tarihin iyali da kuma raunukan pancreas da ke akwai
1. Daina shan taba da kuma rage shan barasa;
2. Inganta abinci mai sauƙi, mai sauƙin narkewa, mai ƙarancin kitse;
3. Cin kaji, kifi da jatan lande da yawa, sannan a inganta cin kayan lambu na fure "+", kamar kabeji kore, kabeji, radish, broccoli, da sauransu;
4. Haɓaka ayyukan motsa jiki a waje
5. Domin hana lalacewar raunuka masu laushi, waɗanda ke da duwatsun bututun pancreas, papilloma na mucinous intraductal da cystic adenoma ko wasu raunuka masu laushi na pancreas ya kamata su nemi kulawar likita cikin lokaci.
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Lokacin Saƙo: Satumba-09-2022