1. Alamar reflux Hepatojugular
Lokacin da gazawar zuciya ta dama ta haifar da cunkoso da kumburin hanta, ana iya matse hanta da hannaye don sanya jijiyoyin jugular su kara nitsewa. Mafi yawan abubuwan da ke haifar da su shine rashin isasshen ventricular na dama da kuma cunkoso hepatitis.
2. Alamar Cullen
Har ila yau, an san shi da alamar Coulomb, ecchymosis mai launin shuɗi-blue akan fata a kusa da cibiya ko bangon ciki na ƙasa alama ce ta zubar da jini mai yawa a cikin ciki, wanda ya fi dacewa a cikin zubar da jini na retroperitoneal, m hemorrhagic necrotizing pancreatitis, ruptured aortic aneurysm, da dai sauransu.
3. Alamar Grey-Turner
Lokacin da majiyyaci ya kamu da matsanancin pancreatitis, ruwan 'ya'yan itacen pancreatic yana kwararowa zuwa cikin sararin nama na kugu da gefen gefe, yana narkar da kitsen subcutaneous, kuma capillaries ya fashe da jini, yana haifar da ecchymosis mai launin shuɗi-purple akan fata a waɗannan wuraren, wanda ake kira Grey-Turner's. alamar.
4. Alamar Courvoisier
Lokacin da ciwon daji na kan pancreas ya danne ɗigon bile na kowa, ko ciwon daji na tsakiya da ƙananan sassan bile duct yana haifar da toshewa, jaundice na fili yana faruwa. Kumburin gall mafitsara wanda yake cystic, mara taushi, yana da santsi mai santsi kuma ana iya motsa shi yana iya tafiya, wanda ake kira alamar Courvoisier, wanda kuma aka sani da ci gaba da toshewar bile duct na gama gari. haraji.
5.Peritoneal hangula alamar
Kasancewar jin daɗi na lokaci ɗaya, jin daɗin dawowa da tashin hankali na tsoka na ciki a cikin ciki ana kiransa alamar haushin peritoneal, wanda kuma aka sani da peritonitis triad. Alama ce ta al'ada na peritonitis, musamman wurin da aka samu raunuka na farko. Hanyar tashin hankali na tsoka na ciki ya dogara da dalilin da yanayin mai haƙuri. Yanayin gabaɗaya ya bambanta, kuma ƙara yawan kumburin ciki alama ce mai mahimmanci na yanayin daɗaɗɗa.
6. Alamar Murphy
Alamar Murphy mai kyau tana ɗaya daga cikin mahimman alamu a cikin ganewar asibiti na m cholecystitis. Lokacin da ake lallaɓan gallbladder a ƙarƙashin gefen gefen dama na farashi, an taɓa gallbladder mai kumbura kuma an nemi majiyyaci ya numfasa sosai. Kumburi da kumburin gallbladder ya koma ƙasa. Mai haƙuri ya ji zafin ya tsananta kuma ba zato ba tsammani ya riƙe numfashinsa.
7. Alamar Mcburney
Tausayi da sake dawowa a wurin McBurney a cikin ƙananan ƙananan ciki na dama (mahadar cibiya da na tsakiya da na waje 1/3 na dama na gaba mafi girma na kashin baya) suna da yawa a cikin m appendicitis.
8.Charcot's triad
M suppurative cholangitis mai tsanani yana ba da ciwon ciki, sanyi, zazzabi mai zafi, da jaundice, wanda kuma aka sani da Chaco's triad.
1) Ciwon ciki: Yana faruwa a ƙarƙashin tsarin xiphoid kuma a cikin kusurwar dama na sama, yawanci colic, tare da hare-haren paroxysmal ko ciwo mai tsanani tare da exacerbation na paroxysms, wanda zai iya haskakawa zuwa dama kafada da baya, tare da tashin zuciya da amai. Yawancin lokaci ana haifar da shi bayan cin abinci mai maiko.
2) Sanyi da zazzabi: Bayan toshewar bile duct, matsa lamba a cikin bile duct yana ƙaruwa, yawanci yana haifar da kamuwa da cuta ta biyu. Bacteria da gubobi zasu iya komawa cikin jini ta hanyar ducts na capillary bile ducts da hepatic sinusoids, wanda ke haifar da kumburin hanta na biliary, sepsis, septic shock, DIC, da dai sauransu, gabaɗaya yana bayyana azaman zazzabi mai dilatant, tare da zafin jiki har zuwa 39 zuwa 40 °. C.
3) Jaundice: Bayan da duwatsu suka toshe bile duct, marasa lafiya na iya samun fitsari mai launin rawaya mai duhu da launin rawaya na fata da sclera, wasu majiyyatan na iya samun ciwon fata.
9.Reynolds (Renault) alamomi guda biyar
Ba a sami sauƙi a ɗaure dutsen ba, kumburin yana ƙara tsanantawa, kuma majiyyaci yana tasowa ta hanyar tunani da damuwa dangane da Charcot's triad, wanda ake kira Raynaud's pentalogy.
10. Alamar Kehr
Jini a cikin rami na ciki yana motsa diaphragm na hagu, yana haifar da ciwon kafada na hagu, wanda ya zama ruwan dare a cikin fashewar splenic.
11. Alamar obturator (gwajin ƙwayar tsoka na obturator)
Mai haƙuri ya kasance a cikin matsayi na baya, tare da kwatangwalo na dama da cinya yana jujjuya sa'an nan kuma ya juya cikin ciki, yana haifar da ciwon ƙananan ciki na dama, wanda aka gani a cikin appendicitis (appendix yana kusa da tsoka na internus obturator).
12. Alamar Rovsing (gwajin hauhawar farashi)
Majinyacin yana cikin wani wuri na kwance, hannunsa na dama yana matsawa kasan ciki na hagu, hannun hagunsa yana matse hanjin da ke kusa, yana haifar da ciwo a cikin ƙananan ciki na dama, wanda ake gani a cikin appendicitis.
13.X-ray barium hangula alamar
Barium yana nuna alamun bacin rai a cikin sashin hanji mara lafiya, tare da zubar da sauri da rashin cikawa, yayin da cikawa yana da kyau a cikin sassan na sama da na hanji. Wannan shi ake kira X-ray barium alamar haushi, wanda ya zama ruwan dare a cikin marasa lafiya da tarin fuka na hanji. .
14. Alamar halo sau biyu / alamar manufa
A cikin mataki na aiki na cutar Crohn, ingantaccen CT enterography (CTE) ya nuna cewa bangon hanji yana da girma sosai, mucosa na hanji yana haɓaka sosai, wani ɓangare na bangon hanji yana raguwa, zobe na mucosal na ciki da zoben serosa na waje suna da mahimmanci. ingantacce, yana nuna halo biyu. alama ko manufa alama.
15. Alamar tsefe itace
A cikin mataki mai aiki na cutar Crohn, CT enterography (CTE) yana nuna haɓakar tasoshin jini na mesenteric, daidai da ƙãra yawan kitsen mesenteric da blurring, da kumburin kumburin lymph na mesenteric, yana nuna "alamar tsefe itace".
16. Enterogenic azotemia
Bayan zubar jini mai yawa a cikin sashin gastrointestinal na sama, samfuran narkewar sunadaran jini suna shiga cikin hanji, kuma yawan adadin urea nitrogen a cikin jini na iya ƙaruwa na ɗan lokaci, wanda ake kira enterogenic azotemia.
17.Mallory-Weiss ciwo
Babban bayyanar asibiti na wannan ciwon shine karuwa kwatsam a cikin matsa lamba na ciki saboda tsananin tashin zuciya, amai da sauran dalilai, wanda ke haifar da tsagewar gabobin ciki da submucosa na distal cardiac cardia da esophagus, wanda ke haifar da zubar jini na sama na ciki. Babban bayyanar su ne m hematemesis na kwatsam, wanda ya biyo baya da maimaita retching ko amai, kuma ana kiransa ciwon esophageal da cardia mucosal tear syndrome.
18. Zollinger-Ellison ciwo (gastrinoma, Zollinger-66Ellison ciwo)
Wani nau'i ne na ciwon daji na gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine wanda ke da ƙumburi masu yawa, wurare masu banƙyama, mai saukin kamuwa da rikice-rikice na ulcer, da rashin amsawa ga magungunan anti-ulcer na yau da kullum. Zawo, yawan fitowar acid na ciki, da haɓakar matakan gastrin na jini na iya faruwa. mafi girma.
Gastrinomas yawanci ƙanana ne, kuma kusan kashi 80% suna cikin triangle “gastrinoma” (watau haɗuwar gallbladder da ɗigon bile na yau da kullun, sassa na biyu da na uku na duodenum, da wuya da jikin pancreas). A cikin triangle da aka kafa ta hanyar haɗin gwiwa), fiye da kashi 50% na gastrinomas suna da muni, kuma wasu marasa lafiya sun yi metastasized lokacin da aka gano su.
19. Dumping syndrome
Bayan juzu'i na gastrectomy, saboda asarar aikin sarrafawa na pylorus, abubuwan da ke cikin ciki suna zubar da sauri da sauri, wanda ya haifar da jerin alamun asibiti da ake kira dumping syndrome, wanda ya fi dacewa a PII anastomosis. Dangane da lokacin da alamun bayyanar cututtuka suka bayyana bayan cin abinci, an kasu kashi biyu: da wuri da kuma marigayi.
●Ciwon Jiki na Farko: Alamomin hypovolemia na wucin gadi kamar bugun zuciya, zufa mai sanyi, gajiya, da launin fata suna bayyana rabin sa'a bayan cin abinci. Yana tare da tashin zuciya da amai, ciwon ciki, da gudawa.
●Late dumping syndrome: yana faruwa awanni 2 zuwa 4 bayan cin abinci. Babban bayyanar cututtuka sune tashin hankali, kodaddun launin fata, gumi mai sanyi, gajiya, da saurin bugun jini. Hanyar ita ce bayan abinci ya shiga cikin hanji, yana motsa yawan adadin insulin, wanda hakan ke haifar da haɓakar hypoglycemia. Hakanan ana kiranta hypoglycemia syndrome.
20. Absorptive dystrophy ciwo
Ciwo ne na asibiti wanda abubuwan gina jiki ke da ƙarancin aiki a cikinsa saboda rashin aiki na ƙananan hanji wajen narkar da abinci da sha, yana haifar da rashin iya shanyewar sinadarai kamar yadda aka saba kuma a fitar da su a cikin najasa. A asibiti, sau da yawa yakan bayyana kamar zawo, bakin ciki, nauyi, maiko da sauran alamun sha mai, don haka ana kiransa steatorrhea.
21.PJ ciwo (pigmented polyposis syndrome, PJS)
Abu ne mai wuyar kamuwa da cutar kansa ta autosomal wanda ke da fata da launin mucosal pigmentation, polyps masu yawa na hamartomatous a cikin sashin gastrointestinal, da kamuwa da ƙari.
PJS yana faruwa tun lokacin ƙuruciya. Yayin da majiyyata suka tsufa, polyps na gastrointestinal yana karuwa da girma a hankali, yana haifar da rikice-rikice daban-daban, irin su ciwon hanji, toshewar hanji, zubar jini na gastrointestinal, ciwon daji, rashin abinci mai gina jiki, da rashin ci gaba a cikin yara.
22. Ciwon ciki
Matsi na ciki-ciki na mutum na al'ada yana kusa da matsa lamba na yanayi, 5 zuwa 7 mmHg.
Matsalolin ciki na ciki ≥12 mmHg shine hawan jini na ciki, da kuma matsa lamba na ciki ≥20 mmHg tare da gazawar gabobin da ke da alaka da hawan jini na ciki shine ciwo na ciki (ACS).
Bayyanar cututtuka: Mara lafiya yana da ƙirjin ƙirji, ƙarancin numfashi, wahalar numfashi, da saurin bugun zuciya. Ƙunƙarar ciki da matsanancin tashin hankali na iya kasancewa tare da ciwon ciki, sautin hanji ya raunana ko bace, da dai sauransu Hypercapnia (PaCO?> 50 mmHg) da oliguria (fitarwa na fitsari a kowace awa <0.5 mL / kg) na iya faruwa a farkon matakin ACS. Anuria, azotemia, gazawar numfashi da ƙananan cututtukan zuciya suna faruwa a mataki na gaba.
23. Mafi girman ciwon jijiya
Har ila yau, an san shi da benign duodenal stasis da duodenal stasis, jerin alamomin da ke haifar da mummunan matsayi na babban jijiya na mesenteric yana matsawa sashin duodenum na kwance, wanda ya haifar da wani ɓangare ko cikakken toshe duodenum.
Ya fi kowa a cikin manyan mata masu asthenic. Hiccups, tashin zuciya, da amai sun zama ruwan dare. Babban fasalin wannan cuta shine cewa alamun suna da alaƙa da matsayi na jiki. Lokacin da aka yi amfani da matsayi na kwance, alamun matsawa suna kara tsanantawa, yayin da matsayi mai sauƙi, matsayi na gwiwa, ko matsayi na gefen hagu, ana iya samun sauƙin bayyanar cututtuka. .
24. Makaho madauki ciwo
Ciwon ciki na gudawa, anemia, malabsorption da asarar nauyi wanda ya haifar da raguwar ƙananan abun ciki na hanji da ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta a cikin lumen na hanji. An fi ganinta a cikin samuwar madaukai na makafi ko jakunkuna makafi (watau madaukai na hanji) bayan gastrectomy da gastrointestinal anastomosis. Kuma lalacewa ta hanyar stasis.
25. gajeriyar ciwon hanji
Yana nufin cewa bayan m kananan hanji resection ko ware saboda daban-daban dalilai, da tasiri sha yankin na hanji ne da muhimmanci rage, da kuma sauran aiki hanji ba zai iya kula da abinci mai haƙuri ko ci gaban bukatun da yaro, da kuma bayyanar cututtuka. kamar gudawa, acid-base/water/electrolyte disorders, da syndromes mamaye da cuta na sha da kuma metabolism na daban-daban na gina jiki.
26. Ciwon hanta
Babban bayyanar cututtuka shine oliguria, anuria da azotemia.
Kodan mara lafiya ba su da wani mugun rauni. Saboda matsanancin hauhawar jini da hauhawar jini da splanchnic hyperdynamic wurare dabam dabam, tsarin tsarin jini ya ragu sosai, kuma nau'ikan vasodilator abubuwa kamar prostaglandins, nitric oxide, glucagon, peptide atrial natriuretic, endotoxin, da peptides masu alaƙa da Calcium ba za a iya kunna su ba. hanta, yana haifar da gadaje na jijiyoyi don fadada; babban adadin ruwan peritoneal na iya haifar da karuwa mai yawa a cikin matsa lamba na ciki, wanda zai iya rage kwararar jini na koda, musamman maƙarƙashiya na renal hypoperfusion, wanda zai haifar da gazawar koda.
Kashi 80% na marasa lafiya da ke fama da cutar da sauri suna mutuwa a cikin kusan makonni 2. Nau'in ci gaba a hankali ya fi kowa a asibiti, sau da yawa yana nunawa tare da zubar da ciki mai juyayi da jinkirin gazawar koda.
27. Ciwon hanta
Dangane da cirrhosis na hanta, bayan ban da cututtukan zuciya na farko, dyspnea da alamun hypoxia kamar cyanosis da clubbing na yatsun hannu (yatsu) suna bayyana, waɗanda ke da alaƙa da vasodilation na ciki da jijiyoyin jini na iskar oxygenation, kuma hasashen ba shi da kyau.
28.Mirizzi ciwo
Gallbladder wuyan ko cystic duct tasirin dutse, ko haɗe tare da kumburin gallbladder, matsa lamba
Yana faruwa ne ta hanyar tilastawa ko kuma rinjayar ƙwayar hanta na yau da kullum, haifar da yaduwar ƙwayar nama, kumburi ko stenosis na duct na hanta na yau da kullum, kuma a asibiti yana bayyana a matsayin jerin cututtuka na asibiti da ke dauke da jaundice obstructive, biliary colic ko cholangitis.
Tushen halittar jikin mutum don samuwar shi shine duct ɗin cystic da duct na hanta na gama gari sun yi tsayi sosai tare ko yanayin haɗuwa na duct na cystic da duct na hanta na gama gari ya yi ƙasa da ƙasa.
29.Budd-Chiari ciwo
Ciwon Budd-Chiari, wanda kuma aka sani da cutar Budd-Chiari, yana nufin ƙungiyar hauhawar jini ta portal ko portal da ƙananan hauhawar jini na vena cava wanda ya haifar da toshewar jijiya mai hanta ko ƙananan vena cava sama da buɗewar ta. cuta.
30.Caroli ciwo
Haihuwar cystic dilation na intrahepatic bile ducts. Ba a san tsarin ba. Yana iya zama kama da choledocal cyst. Abubuwan da ke faruwa na cholangiocarcinoma sun fi na yawan jama'a girma. Abubuwan bayyanar asibiti na farko sune hepatomegaly da ciwon ciki, galibi kamar biliary colic, mai rikitarwa ta cututtukan bile duct na kwayan cuta. Zazzabi da jaundice na lokaci-lokaci suna faruwa a lokacin kumburi, kuma matakin jaundice gabaɗaya yana da laushi.
31. Ciwon ciki
Ciwon bayan gida ne wanda ke haifar da toshewar mashigar ƙashin ƙashin ƙugu saboda spasm ko hypertrophy na tsokoki na puborectalis.
32. Ciwon mahaifa
Yana nufin rukuni na cututtukan da ke haifar da rashin lafiyar neuromuscular a cikin tsarin bene na pelvic ciki har da dubura, levator ko tsoka, da sphincter na waje na tsuliya. Babban bayyanar cututtuka na asibiti shine wahala a cikin bayan gida ko rashin daidaituwa, da kuma matsa lamba na pelvic da zafi. Wadannan rashin aiki a wasu lokuta sun haɗa da wahalar yin bayan gida, wani lokacin kuma rashin natsuwa. A lokuta masu tsanani, suna da zafi sosai.
Mu, Jiangxi Zhuoruihua Medical Instrument Co., Ltd., wani manufacturer ne a kasar Sin ƙware a cikin endoscopic consumables, kamarbiopsy forceps, hemoclip, polyp tarko,allurar sclerotherapy, fesa catheter, cytology goge, jagora,kwandon dawo da dutse, hanci biliary drainage catheterda sauransu wadanda ake amfani da su sosai a cikiEMR,ESD, ERCP. Samfuran mu suna da takardar shedar CE, kuma tsire-tsire namu suna da takaddun ISO. An fitar da kayanmu zuwa Turai, Arewacin Amurka, Gabas ta Tsakiya da wani yanki na Asiya, kuma suna samun abokin ciniki yabo da yabo!
Lokacin aikawa: Satumba-06-2024